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SMART (Projektmanagement)
Table of Contents
- 1 Project Plan
- 2 Limitations of SMART
- 3 See also
- 4 References
Project Plan
| Letter | Meaning (English) | Meaning (German) | Description | English Alternatives |
| S | Specific | Specific | Goals must be clearly defined (not vague, but as precise as possible). | Significant, Stretching, Simple |
| M | Measurable | Measurable | Goals must be measurable (measurability criteria). | Meaningful, Motivational, Manageable |
| A | Achievable | Achievable | The goals must be appealing and worth striving for by the person,[6] sometimes also expressed in English as attainable or accepted, in which case the "R" stands for "relevant",[7] originally assignable, i.e. assignable to a specific responsible person.[2] |
Appropriate, Accepted, Achievable, Agreed, Assignable, Actionable, Ambitious,
Aligned, Aspirational, Attainable, Attractive, As if now (formulated as if already achieved)
|
| R | Reasonable | Reasonable | The set goal must be possible and achievable. | Relevant, Realistic, Resourced, Resonant |
| T | Time-bound | Time-bound | The goal must be able to be set with a fixed date. |
Time-oriented, Time framed, Timed, Time-based, Timeboxed, Timely, Time-Specific,
Timetabled, Time limited, Trackable, Tangible
|
| Possible
additional letters: SMARTER |
||||
| E | Ecological | Ecological | The goal should also take environmental aspects into account, be environmentally friendly and ecologically sensible. | Eco-Friendly, Environment-Friendly |
| R | Resourced | Resource-conscious | The goal should make sensible use of (necessary) resources:
For material resources, sustainability must be observed, as well as economical, conscious, and efficient handling of them. Intangible resources are also a prerequisite for achieving goals and should be taken into account when defining goals. Material resources are becoming increasingly valuable/scarce, which makes it all the more important to handle and plan them in a forward-thinking, sensible, and sustainable manner. |
Resource-Conscious,
Resource-Saving,
Resource-Efficient,
Resource-Sparing,
Resource-Based-View
|
A goal is only S.M.A.R.T. if it fulfills these five conditions.[8]
Example: "I will pass the English exam at the end of the month with at least a grade of 3."
With consistent application of "SMART", clear, measurable and verifiable goals are established:
- Long-term goals = guiding objectives = strategic goals
- Medium- and short-term goals = tactical goals
Goals and tasks must be recorded in writing for all those involved and affected. From this, the project plan for implementation is developed. Implementation and project progress must be reviewed regularly based on milestones:
- What has been achieved?
- Have the goals changed in any way?
The project plan is to be corrected where necessary.
Limitations of SMART
In general, SMART goals represent a minimum description of goals. Depending on the context, goals may need to be further refined (e.g. realistic goals must also fall within the price budget) or additional requirements added to the goals (e.g. non-functional requirements in computer science).
References
- ↑ Peter F. Drucker: People and Performance: The Best of Peter Drucker on Management. Harper's College Press, New York 1977, ISBN 0-434-90400-7.
- ↑ G. T. Doran: There's a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management's goals and objectives. In: Management Review, Vol. 70, No. 11, 1981, pp. 35–36, ISSN 0025-1895.
- ↑ Bernd Birgmeier: Coachingwissen: Denn sie wissen nicht, was sie tun? Springer-Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-531-16306-2, p. 184 (limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Renate Tewes: Führungskompetenz ist lernbar: Praxiswissen für Führungskräfte in Gesundheitsfachberufen. Springer-Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-642-12649-9, p. 30 (limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Rainer Niermeyer: Motivation: Instrumente zur Führung und Verführung. Haufe Lexware, 2007, ISBN 978-3-448-07843-5, p. 80 (limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Hugo M. Kehr, Kaspar Schattke: Motivationsmanagement in der mitarbeiterorientierten Unternehmensführung. (PDF; 2.0 MB) (No longer available online.) Technical University of Munich, archived from the original on 23 May 2012; retrieved 1 December 2012.
- ↑ Graham Yemm: Essential Guide to Leading Your Team: How to Set Goals, Measure Performance and Reward Talent. Pearson Education, 2013, ISBN 0-273-77244-9, pp. 37–39 (Retrieved 5 July 2013).
- ↑ Jane Massy, Jeremy Harrison: Evaluating Human Capital Projects: Improve, Prove, Predict. Routledge, 2014, ISBN 978-1-135-09648-9 (google.de [retrieved 22 January 2019])
Source among others: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMART_(Projektmanagement)
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