How PGP/GPG Works - Simply Explained
The Basic Principle
Key Pair
Everyone has a public key (for encryption) and a private key (for decryption)
Asymmetric Encryption
Messages are encrypted with the public key and can only be read with the matching private key
Digital Signatures
Prove the authenticity of the sender and that the message hasn't been altered
How Encryption Works Step by Step
1
Sender obtains public key
The sender gets the recipient's public key (from a website, keyserver, or directly)
2
Encrypt the message
The message is encrypted with the recipient's public key
3
Send encrypted message
The encrypted message is sent (via email, cloud, etc.)
4
Recipient decrypts
Only the recipient can decrypt and read the message with their private key
Visual Representation
Plaintext
public key
private key
Plaintext
Benefits of PGP/GPG
- Confidentiality - Only the recipient can read
- Authenticity - Sender is verified
- Integrity - Message hasn't been altered
- End-to-End - Encryption on your device
Important Notice
Keep your private key safe and never share it! The public key can be freely distributed.
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